使用python的Pillow模块生成验证码

参考资料
准备

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont, ImageFilter

_letter_cases = "abcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxy" # 去除可能干扰的i，l，o，z
_upper_cases = _letter_cases.upper() # 大写字母
_numbers = ''.join(map(str, range(3, 10))) # 数字
init_chars = ''.join((_letter_cases, _upper_cases, _numbers))
fontType="/usr/share/fonts/TTF/DejaVuSans.ttf"

1.创建图像

def create_validate_code(self,size=(120, 30),
                        chars=init_chars,
                        img_type="PNG",
                        mode="RGB",
                        bg_color=(255, 255, 255),
                        fg_color=(0, 0, 255),
                        font_size=18,
                        font_type=fontType,
                        length=4,
                        draw_lines=True,
                        n_line=(1, 2),
                        draw_points=True,
                        point_chance = 2):

    width, height = size # 图像的宽，高
    img = Image.new(mode, size, bg_color) # 创建新图像
    img.save("validate.png", "PNG") # 存储图片
if __name__ == '__main__':
    create_validate_code()

2.绘制干扰线
在创建新图像后添加

if draw_lines:
    self.create_lines(draw,n_line,width,height) # 绘制干扰线

干扰线函数

def create_lines(self,draw,n_line,width,height):
    line_num = random.randint(n_line[0],n_line[1]) # 干扰线条数
    for i in range(line_num):
        # 起始点
        begin = (random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height))
        #结束点
        end = (random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height))
        draw.line([begin, end], fill=(0, 0, 0))

3.绘制干扰点
在绘制干扰线后添加

if draw_points:
    self.create_points(draw,point_chance,width,height) #绘制干扰点

干扰点函数

def create_points(self,draw,point_chance,width,height):
    chance = min(100, max(0, int(point_chance))) # 大小限制在[0, 100]

    for w in range(width):
        for h in range(height):
            tmp = random.randint(0, 100)
            if tmp > 100 - chance:
                draw.point((w, h), fill=(0, 0, 0))

4.生成验证码
在绘制干扰点之后添加

strs = self.create_strs(draw,chars,length,font_type,
                         font_size,width,height,fg_color)

验证码函数

def create_strs(self,draw,chars,length,font_type, 
                font_size,width,height,fg_color):
    c_chars = random.sample(chars, length)
    strs = ' %s ' % ' '.join(c_chars) # 每个字符前后以空格隔开

    font = ImageFont.truetype(font_type, font_size)
    font_width, font_height = font.getsize(strs)

    draw.text(((width - font_width) / 3, (height - font_height) / 3),strs,\
              font=font, fill=fg_color)

ok，简单的验证码就生成好了