快速导航
磁盘扩容
关闭KVM虚拟机
1virsh shutdown vm-ubuntu-04扩容磁盘
查看磁盘位置
1# virsh domblklist vm-ubuntu-04
2Target Source
3------------------------------------------------
4vda /home/kvm/images/ubuntu-04.qcow2查看磁盘信息
1# qemu-img info /home/kvm/images/ubuntu-04.qcow2
2image: /home/kvm/images/ubuntu-04.qcow2
3file format: qcow2
4virtual size: 2.0G (2147483648 bytes)
5disk size: 1.7G
6cluster_size: 65536
7Format specific information:
8compat: 0.10
9refcount bits: 16可以看出现在虚拟机磁盘大小为 2G
扩容磁盘大小
1# qemu-img resize /home/kvm/images/ubuntu-04.qcow2 +28G
2Image resized.1# qemu-img info /home/kvm/images/ubuntu-04.qcow2
2image: /home/kvm/images/ubuntu-04.qcow2
3file format: qcow2
4virtual size: 30G (32212254720 bytes)
5disk size: 1.7G
6cluster_size: 65536
7Format specific information:
8compat: 0.10
9refcount bits: 16现在磁盘大小已增加到 30G
扩容虚拟机分区
启动虚拟机
1virsh start vm-ubuntu-04查看磁盘大小和格式
1root@vm-ubuntu-04:~# lsblk
2NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
3loop0 7:0 0 88.5M 1 loop /snap/core/7270
4vda 252:0 0 30G 0 disk
5├─vda1 252:1 0 1M 0 part
6└─vda2 252:2 0 2G 0 part /现在跟分区只分配了 2G 的大小，而当前 vda 磁盘总量为 30G
1root@vm-ubuntu-04:~# df -T
2Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
3udev devtmpfs 4053076 0 4053076 0% /dev
4tmpfs tmpfs 816784 936 815848 1% /run
5/dev/vda2 ext4 2028368 1634136 273144 86% /
6tmpfs tmpfs 4083912 0 4083912 0% /dev/shm
7tmpfs tmpfs 5120 0 5120 0% /run/lock
8tmpfs tmpfs 4083912 0 4083912 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
9/dev/loop0 squashfs 90624 90624 0 100% /snap/core/7270
10tmpfs tmpfs 816780 0 816780 0% /run/user/0注意 :不同格式的文件系统扩容磁盘命令 有所不同，比如我的根分区格式为 ext4, 以下将以 ext4 为例
扩容磁盘
-
安装 cloud-guest-utils
1apt -y install cloud-guest-utils -
扩容磁盘
1root@vm-ubuntu-base:~# growpart /dev/vda 2 2CHANGED: partition=2 start=4096 old: size=4188160 end=4192256 new: size=62910431,end=629145272 为跟分区所在磁盘
1root@vm-ubuntu-base:~# lsblk 2NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT 3loop0 7:0 0 88.5M 1 loop /snap/core/7270 4vda 252:0 0 30G 0 disk 5├─vda1 252:1 0 1M 0 part 6└─vda2 252:2 0 30G 0 part / -
更新且格式化分区 resize2fs 扩容 ext4 文件系统, 其它可参考 https://computingforgeeks.com/extending-root-filesystem-using-lvm-linux/
1root@vm-ubuntu-base:~# resize2fs /dev/vda2 2resize2fs 1.44.1 (24-Mar-2018) 3Filesystem at /dev/vda2 is mounted on /; on-line resizing required 4old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 4 5The filesystem on /dev/vda2 is now 7863803 (4k) blocks long. 6 7root@vm-ubuntu-base:~# lsblk 8NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT 9loop0 7:0 0 88.5M 1 loop /snap/core/7270 10vda 252:0 0 30G 0 disk 11├─vda1 252:1 0 1M 0 part 12└─vda2 252:2 0 30G 0 part / 13root@vm-ubuntu-base:~# df -hT | grep /dev/vda 14/dev/vda2 ext4 30G 1.6G 27G 6% /
DONELVM磁盘扩容
CLOSED: [2020-12-17 四 10:26]
-
State "DONE" from [2020-12-17 四 10:26]
1root@jsl-ml:~# lsblk
2NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
3sda 8:0 0 14.6T 0 disk
4sdb 8:16 0 3.5T 0 disk
5├─sdb1 8:17 0 512M 0 part /boot/efi
6├─sdb2 8:18 0 1G 0 part /boot
7└─sdb3 8:19 0 3.5T 0 part
8 └─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 253:0 0 200G 0 lvm /
9sdc 8:32 0 14.6T 0 disk
10sdd 8:48 0 14.6T 0 disk
11sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom 1root@jsl-ml:~# vgdisplay
2 /dev/sde: open failed: No medium found
3 /dev/sde: open failed: No medium found
4 --- Volume group ---
5 VG Name ubuntu-vg
6 System ID
7 Format lvm2
8 Metadata Areas 1
9 Metadata Sequence No 2
10 VG Access read/write
11 VG Status resizable
12 MAX LV 0
13 Cur LV 1
14 Open LV 1
15 Max PV 0
16 Cur PV 1
17 Act PV 1
18 VG Size 3.49 TiB
19 PE Size 4.00 MiB
20 Total PE 915322
21 Alloc PE / Size 51200 / 200.00 GiB
22 Free PE / Size 864122 / <3.30 TiB
23 VG UUID EAgRRa-u0VB-0MjL-gnk5-KDCC-YlYw-vAMwOS 1root@jsl-ml:~# lvdisplay
2 /dev/sde: open failed: No medium found
3 /dev/sde: open failed: No medium found
4 --- Logical volume ---
5 LV Path /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv
6 LV Name ubuntu-lv
7 VG Name ubuntu-vg
8 LV UUID PrxjnN-ELNU-peoA-JH6E-BFle-KclP-Gt07U4
9 LV Write Access read/write
10 LV Creation host, time ubuntu-server, 2020-12-03 15:13:07 +0000
11 LV Status available
12 # open 1
13 LV Size 200.00 GiB
14 Current LE 51200
15 Segments 1
16 Allocation inherit
17 Read ahead sectors auto
18 - currently set to 256
19 Block device 253:0 1root@jsl-ml:~# lvcreate -n ubuntu-lv-home --extents +100%FREE ubuntu-vg
2 /dev/sde: open failed: No medium found
3 /dev/sde: open failed: No medium found
4 Logical volume "ubuntu-lv-home" created.
5
6root@jsl-ml:~# lvdisplay
7 /dev/sde: open failed: No medium found
8 /dev/sde: open failed: No medium found
9 --- Logical volume ---
10 LV Path /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv
11 LV Name ubuntu-lv
12 VG Name ubuntu-vg
13 LV UUID PrxjnN-ELNU-peoA-JH6E-BFle-KclP-Gt07U4
14 LV Write Access read/write
15 LV Creation host, time ubuntu-server, 2020-12-03 15:13:07 +0000
16 LV Status available
17 # open 1
18 LV Size 200.00 GiB
19 Current LE 51200
20 Segments 1
21 Allocation inherit
22 Read ahead sectors auto
23 - currently set to 256
24 Block device 253:0
25
26 --- Logical volume ---
27 LV Path /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv-home
28 LV Name ubuntu-lv-home
29 VG Name ubuntu-vg
30 LV UUID 4dHuSb-yGla-pcdp-0tfg-hnAL-j0xZ-h2aiNr
31 LV Write Access read/write
32 LV Creation host, time jsl-ml, 2020-12-04 09:37:56 +0000
33 LV Status available
34 # open 0
35 LV Size <3.30 TiB
36 Current LE 864122
37 Segments 1
38 Allocation inherit
39 Read ahead sectors auto
40 - currently set to 256
41 Block device 253:1 1root@jsl-ml:~# lsblk
2NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
3sda 8:0 0 14.6T 0 disk
4sdb 8:16 0 3.5T 0 disk
5├─sdb1 8:17 0 512M 0 part /boot/efi
6├─sdb2 8:18 0 1G 0 part /boot
7└─sdb3 8:19 0 3.5T 0 part
8 ├─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 253:0 0 200G 0 lvm /
9 └─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv--home 253:1 0 3.3T 0 lvm
10sdc 8:32 0 14.6T 0 disk
11sdd 8:48 0 14.6T 0 disk
12sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
13root@jsl-ml:~# mkfs.ext4 /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv-home1root@jsl-ml:~# mount /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv-home /home/data磁盘挂载
创建磁盘
创建一块大小为 100G，格式为 qcow2 的磁盘
1# qemu-img create -f qcow2 ubuntu-04-disk.qcow2 100G
2Formatting 'ubuntu-04-disk.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=107374182400 cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off refcount_bits=16查看磁盘大小
1# qemu-img info ubuntu-04-disk.qcow2
2image: ubuntu-04-disk.qcow2
3file format: qcow2
4virtual size: 100G (107374182400 bytes)
5disk size: 196K
6cluster_size: 65536
7Format specific information:
8compat: 1.1
9lazy refcounts: false
10refcount bits: 16
11corrupt: false挂载磁盘
挂载命令
1virsh attach-disk vm-ubuntu-04 /home/kvm/images/ubuntu-04-disk.qcow2 --driver qemu --subdriver qcow2 vdb --persistent注:
-
vm-ubuntu-04 为需要扩展的虚拟机名称
-
/home/kvm/images/ubuntu-04-disk.qcow2 为刚创建好的扩展磁盘
-
vdb 为新扩展磁盘的名称
卸载命令
1virsh detach-disk vm-ubuntu-04 /home/kvm/images/ubuntu-04-disk.qcow2 --persistent格式化磁盘
虚拟机内执行
格式化分区
1[root@vm-ubuntu-04 ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb
2欢迎使用 fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2)。
3
4更改将停留在内存中，直到您决定将更改写入磁盘。
5使用写入命令前请三思。
6
7Device does not contain a recognized partition table
8使用磁盘标识符 0xd01c1c86 创建新的 DOS 磁盘标签。
9
10命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：n
11Partition type:
12 p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
13 e extended
14Select (default p): p
15分区号 (1-4，默认 1)：
16起始 扇区 (2048-209715199，默认为 2048)：
17将使用默认值 2048
18Last 扇区, +扇区 or +size{K,M,G} (2048-209715199，默认为 209715199)：
19将使用默认值 209715199
20分区 1 已设置为 Linux 类型，大小设为 100 GiB
21
22命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：w
23The partition table has been altered!
24
25Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
26正在同步磁盘格式化文件系统
1[root@vm-ubuntu-04 ~]# lsblk
2[root@vm-ubuntu-04 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb1挂载磁盘
1mkdir /home/data
2mount /dev/vdb1 /home/dataFAQ
unexpected output in sfdisk --version
在执行 growpart /dev/vda 1 时报错
1unexpected output in sfdisk --version [sfdisk，来自 util-linux 2.23.2]解决方案
1LANG=en_US.UTF-8 growpart /dev/vda 1DOS partition table format cannot be used on drives for volumes larger than 2T
在使用 fdisk /dev/sdd 时, 当/dev/sdd的大小超过2T, 会有警告
1Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
2The size of this disk is 14.6 TiB (16000900661248 bytes). DOS partition table format cannot be used on drives for volumes larger than 2199023255040 bytes for 512-byte sectors. Use GUID partition table format (GPT).解决方案
1# gdisk /dev/sdd
2
3GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.5
4
5Partition table scan:
6 MBR: not present
7 BSD: not present
8 APM: not present
9 GPT: not present
10
11Creating new GPT entries in memory.
12
13Command (? for help): o
14This option deletes all partitions and creates a new protective MBR.
15Proceed? (Y/N): Y
16
17Command (? for help): n
18Partition number (1-128, default 1):
19First sector (34-31251759070, default = 2048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:
20Last sector (2048-31251759070, default = 31251759070) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:
21Current type is 8300 (Linux filesystem)
22Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300):
23Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem'
24
25Command (? for help): w
26
27Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING
28PARTITIONS!!
29
30Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): Y
31OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sdd.
32The operation has completed successfully.然后格式化即可
1mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdd1
知识共享署名-非商业性使用-相同方式共享4.0国际许可协议
